Epilepsia, afectiune neurologica grava

1 Septembrie, 2010 - 23:00

Epilepsia este o boala grava care afecteaza femeile in mod diferit de barbati si in functie de varsta pe care o au. Din cauza profilului hormonal specific si a medicamentelor necesare pentru controlul crizelor, aceasta afectiune reprezinta o provocare serioasa pentru femei jogos casino online.

Epilepsia este cea mai frecvent intalnita afectiune neurologica grava, afectand aproximativ 25 de milioane de femei din intreaga lume. Se caracterizeaza prin crize recurente, datorate unei perturbari a semnalelor electrice la nivelul creierului Bonus Fara Depunere

Exista peste 40 de tipuri diferite de crize, o persoana care sufera de epilepsie putand sa treaca prin mai multe tipuri de crize. In majoritatea cazurilor, epilepsia poate fi controlata eficient cu ajutorul medicamentelor, permtandu-le femeilor care sufera de aceasta boala sa aiba o viata normala si implinita.

Hormonii pot afecta frecventa crizelor iar unele medicamente antiepileptice pot influenta hormonii, unele femei constatand schimbari in ceea ce priveste crizele in momente de fluctuatii hormonale, precum pubertatea, ovulatia si/sau inceputul menstruatiei.

Deoarece hormonii influenteaza functionarea creierului, aspectul crizelor se poate modifica in functie de cresterea (pubertate) sau scaderea (menopauza) nivelelor hormonale. Epilepsia debuteaza adesea in anii adolescentei, iar in cazul celor care au deja aceasta boala crizele se pot manifesta diferit in aceasta perioada.

Aparitia menstruatiei poate afecta modul de manifestare a crizelor, iar unele femei care sufera de epilepsie pot avea un ciclu menstrual neregulat. Preocuparea zilnica pentru medicatie, analizele de sange regulate si monitorizarea atenta a crizelor cer mult timp si le amintesc bolnavilor in fiecare moment ca sufera de o afectiune cronica.

In cazul multor femei, acest lucru poate afecta respectul de sine, modul de a privi boala si relatiile cu ceilalti. O serie de medicamente antiepileptice interactioneaza cu contraceptivele hormonale, in sensul ca
le diminueaza eficienta, crescand riscul unor sarcini neplanificate.

Exista insa si medicamente care nu reduc eficienta contraceptivelor hormonale, femeile suferinde de epilepsie trebuind sa discute cu medicul pentru a identifica un tratament care sa le permita sa aleaga cea mai potrivita metoda contraceptiva.

Conform informatiilor existente, femeile care sufera de epilepsie au o fertilitate redusa, cauzele acestui fenomen fiind complexe; cu toate acestea s-a facut, cel putin partial, legatura cu medicamentele antiepileptice.

Studiile indica faptul ca femeile care sufera de epilepsie prezinta o
rata crescuta a afectiunilor reproductive, cum ar fi menopauza precoce, ovulatia neregulata si sindromul ovarului polichistic, care apare atunci cand exista mici chisturi la nivelul ovarelor, din cauza ciclului menstrual neregulat.

S-a dovedit ca tulburari precum sindromul ovarului polichistic pot fi legate de tratamentul cu anumite medicamente antiepileptice.

Cele mai multe femei care sufera de epilepsie au o sarcina normala si nasc copii sanatosi; cu toate acestea, studiile indica o legatura intre anumite medicamente antiepileptice din generatiile mai vechi si o frecventa crescuta a anumitor defecte congenitale.

Riscul aparitiei defectelor congenitale in cazul femeilor care iau mai mult de un medicament antiepileptic poate fi de 15%, comparativ cu femeile care iau un singur medicament antiepileptic (monoterapie), in cazul carora riscul este de aproximativ 7%.

Se recomanda ca femeile insarcinate care sufera de epilepsie sa ia cea mai mica doza posibila de medicament pentru a reduce riscul defectelor congenitale.

Datele preliminare arata ca medicamentele din generatiile mai recente implica mai putine riscuri privind defectele congenitale comparativ cu cele din generatiile anterioare.

De asemenea, crizele necontrolate implica riscuri, atat pentru mama, cat si pentru fat; de aceea, mamele trebuie sa ia medicamente si in timpul sarcinii, doctorii recomandand ca toate femeile, in special cele care sufera de epilepsie, sa ia acid folic pentru a reduce riscul defectelor congenitale.

S-a realizat o monitorizare a sarcinilor (Registrul International al Sarcinii), pentru a putea determina gradul de siguranta oferit de anumite medicamente antiepileptice pe durata sarcinii.

Multe femei se confrunta cu decalcifierea oaselor in timpul menopauzei si in perioada urmatoare. In cazul femeilor care sufera de epilepsie, acest lucru poate fi legat si de medicamentele utilizate in tratament.

Pentru majoritatea persoanelor care au crize, epilepsia are un impact asupra mai multor aspecte ale vietii, anumite medicamente determinand modificari de ordin estetic, cum ar fi cresterea in greutate si cresterea pilozitatii corporale in exces, care pot afecta respectul de sine.

Ca urmare a efectelor estetice ale medicamentelor, femeile se pot simti indezirabile din punct de vedere sexual si pot resimti o diminuare a libidoului si chiar frigiditate. Uneori, anumite tratamente pot determina modificari ale dispozitiei, cum ar fi iritabilitatea, depresia, precum si pierderea memoriei.

In randul femeilor care sufera de epilepsie, incidenta cazurilor de depresie este mai mare decat in randul barbatilor care sufera de aceasta boala, medicamentele utilizate in tratamentul epilepsiei putand creste totodata riscul osteoporozei si al bolilor cardiovasculare.

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