Vanity Fair acuza companiile farmaceutice de practici imorale la testarea medicamentelor in tarile sarace

8 Decembrie, 2010 - 14:06

Marile companii farmaceutice desfasoara multe experimente clinice in strainatate, in tari in care nu exista reglementari in domeniu si unde agentia guvernamentala a SUA de protectie a consumatorului, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), nu ajunge, iar "greselile" sunt inchise in mormintele saracilor, acuza revista Vanity Fair jogos casino online.

Numeroase experimentele clinice sunt facute pe romani dispusi sa se supuna testarilor, pe rusi bolnavi, polonezi fara adapost si chinezi defavorizati, mai scrie revista, intr-o analiza asupra globalizarii industriei farmaceutice si asupra esecului guvernului SUA de a tine in frau aceasta industrie Bonus Fara Depunere

Ce au in comun orase ca Iasi, din regiunea Moldova din Romania, cu Megrine din nordul Tunisiei, sau Tartu, in Estonia, si Shenyang, din nord-estul Chinei? Aceste locuri nu se afla pe nicio lista a primelor 10 locuri de destinatii turistice.

Cu toate acestea, "cercetasii" industriei farmaceutice le-au vizitat pe toate, dar si alte zeci de orase similare, mari si mici, pentru a gasi oameni dispusi sa se supuna unor testari clinice pentru noi medicamente si astfel sa convinga FDA sa declare medicamentele sigure si eficiente pentru americani, se mai afirma in material.

Cu mai mult timp in urma, medicamentele administrate americanilor erau testate fie in SUA, fie in Europa. Dar situatia nu mai sta asa. In 1990, potrivit inspectorului general din Departamentul de Sanatate si Servicii Umane, 271 de testari de medicamente destinate utilizarii in SUA au fost efectuate in tari straine.

In 2008, numarul lor a crescut la 6.485, o crestere de peste 2.000%. Inspectorul a constatat ca cele mai mari 20 de companii farmaceutice din SUA au efectuat "o treime din testarile lor clinice exclusiv in locatii straine". Totodata, 2.900 de medicamente diferite pentru 4.600 de afectiuni distincte sunt in curs de testare clinica si pasibile sa ajunga pe piata.

Mii de testari au loc in tari unde exista concentratii mari de saraci, adesea analfabeti, care in unele cazuri semneaza formularele de acord cu o cruce. in România, de exemplu, au avut loc 876 de testari, in Ucraina 589. Cele doua destinatii care vor eclipsa intr-o zi chiar si Europa si SUA sunt insa China (cu 1.861 de testari) si India (cu 1.457).

Un factor important in transferarea testarilor clinice in tari straine este o lacuna in regulamentele FDA: daca studiile in SUA sugereaza ca un medicament nu are niciun beneficiu, testarile din strainatate pot fi folosite adesea in locul lor pentru a obtine aprobarea FDA, mai spun autorii materialului.

Exista chiar si un termen pentru tarile docile, mai ales atunci cand companiile farmaceutice au nevoie rapid de date pozitive: "tari de salvare". Si, daca globalizarea testarilor clinice pentru medicamentele destinate adultilor a atras putina atentie, cea pentru copii a atras si mai putina.

Singurele organisme carora pare sa le pese de cresterea numarului de testari clinice in tari straine sunt institutiile de etica medicala. O echipa de cercetatori de la Duke University a remarcat faptul ca, in unele locuri, "compensatia financiara pentru participarea la cercetare poate depasi veniturile salariale anuale ale participantilor, iar participarea la o testare clinica poate oferi singurul acces la ingrijiri" pentru cei care iau parte la proces.

Multi cercetatori americani spun ca prefera sa testeze medicamentele in strainatate, unde reglementarile sunt laxe iar "conflictul de interese" este sinonim cu starea de normalitate. Acest lucru explica cresterea numarului de astfel de cercetatori cu 16% in Europa de Est, 12% in Asia si 10% in America Latina.

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